Architecture

Introduction to Machanism Architecture

The architecture of Machanism is designed to simplify software development by providing a robust foundation for building modular, reusable, and scalable applications. At its core, Machanism aligns with Clean Architecture principles, while going beyond theory by offering tangible tools, project templates, and workflows that enable developers to create systems using a structured, layered approach.

This page details the practical implementation of Machanism’s architecture, focusing on specific project types such as Core modules, Application modules, and MachaOn projects, and how these work together to provide real-world solutions to complex development challenges.

Key Architectural Components

Machanism implements a modular architecture, where every solution is built using independent "bricks" that fit seamlessly together. These components are organized into three primary layers that represent Machanism projects:

1. Core Modules: The Foundation

Core modules in Machanism serve as base building blocks that encapsulate reusable business logic, workflows, and domain-specific entities. They are implementation-agnostic, meaning they can be used across multiple technologies and deployment targets without modification.

Key Features:

Entities: Represent business objects (e.g., Order, Product, or User) and define the rules or policies associated with them.
Interactors: Handle use case workflows by orchestrating entity interactions (e.g., "Process Payment" or "Check Inventory").
Adapters: Provide interfaces connecting the domain logic to the outer layers like APIs, databases, or front-end components.

2. Application Modules: The Customization Layer

Application modules extend the Core layer by adapting it to specific business workflows or project requirements. This layer ensures that the generic functionality provided by the Core is customized for a particular use case without compromising flexibility or reusability.

Key Features:

Customization: Adapts Core logic to address specific implementation needs, such as localization or integration with infrastructure.
Configuration: Introduces deployment-specific variations, such as API responses or region-specific tax logic.
Flexibility: Application modules are designed to be lightweight and easy to modify without altering the underlying Core functionality.

3. MachaOn Projects: The Deployment Layer

MachaOn projects are the final configuration and deployment layer of the Machanism architecture. They integrate Core and Application bricks with infrastructure-specific logic to deliver working solutions ready for production.

Support for Different Architectural Styles

Machanism’s modular architecture is intentionally designed to adapt to various software architectural styles, making it suitable for diverse requirements and technological environments. Developers can leverage Machanism bricks in different configurations to align with specific business needs or infrastructure preferences.

Microservices Architecture

Machanism bricks naturally support microservices design, where each reusable module (Core or Application) can be deployed independently as a service.

How Machanism Supports Microservices:

Core Modules as Microservices: Each Core module operates as a standalone service, e.g., OrderService or PaymentProcessorService.
Loose Coupling: Reusable components keep dependencies minimal, enabling seamless communication between services via APIs, event streams, or message queues.
Example Use Case:
- Macha modules deliver independent services for Order, Product, and Vendor Management, hosted across multiple containers and communicating via REST APIs.

Monolithic Architecture with Modular Packages

While Machanism promotes modularity, it is equally effective for monolithic architectures, especially when modular internal boundaries are desired.

How Machanism Supports Monoliths:

Brick-based modules can be packaged inside a single monolith while maintaining separation of concerns through layers (Core, Application, and Integration).
Example Use Case:
- A logistics application might package Shipping, Invoice Processing, and Warehouse Management within a single Python monolithic application while exposing APIs for internal communication.

Event-Driven Architecture

Machanism modules excel in event-driven systems, where workflows are triggered based on specific events, such as API requests, user actions, or system updates.

How Machanism Supports Event-Driven Frameworks:

Core interactors can process incoming events and trigger workflows based on the event's data payload.
Adapters in the Application layer can integrate with messaging systems such as Kafka, RabbitMQ, or AWS SNS/SQS.
Example Use Case:
- Machc ShipmentTracking modules react to events like "Package Delivered" emitted from external services to update system state and trigger workflows through event-driven platforms.

Serverless Architecture

Machanism is ideal for serverless computing, where lightweight modules can be deployed as functions to execute specific tasks.

How Machanism Supports Serverless Design:

Small, independent modules (Core bricks for workflows like payment processing or product search) are packaged for execution via serverless platforms like AWS Lambda or Azure Functions.
Serverless functions can leverage artifacts published by the Core layer without dependencies on larger systems.
Example Use Case:
- MachB ShoppingCartFunction can enable real-time cart updates, deployed as serverless functions.

Layered Architecture

Machanism provides out-of-the-box alignment with layered design principles. This style ensures strict separation of concerns and supports both vertical scalability and horizontal decomposition.

How Machanism Aligns with Layered Architecture:

Core modules implement domain-specific business logic at the center.
Application modules represent workflows that interact with both business logic and external service layers.
MachaOn projects prepare the infrastructure for deployment across multiple delivery paradigms, ensuring clean integration between components.
Example Use Case:
- Macha modules use layered logic to handle end-to-end order workflows from validation (Core entity rules) to deployment (Application configurations for regional tax support).

Flexibility and Adaptation

Machanism provides tools and workflows that let you choose the architecture style that best suits your project while maintaining modularity, reusability, and scalability:

Use Core entities and workflows to create independent bricks aligned with your architecture style.
Adapt Application modules to bridge custom workflows with the infrastructure.
Deploy seamlessly using MachaOn projects tailored to target environments like serverless, containers, or monolithic systems.

By supporting diverse architectural styles, Machanism allows developers to build future-proof solutions while optimizing workflows for their current technological needs.

Key Features:

Full Integration: Combines Core and Application layers into a deployable system.
Infrastructure Support: Includes configurations for containers, serverless deployments, or on-premise hosting.
Deployment Testing: Validates that the system can be deployed into diverse environments without breaking functionality.

Architectural Adaptability

One of the key strengths of Machanism’s architecture is its flexibility. The layered approach ensures that a single reusable artifact (e.g., Core module) can be deployed in diverse architectures:

Microservices: Each Core or Application module can function as a standalone microservice, making the system scalable and fault-tolerant.
Monoliths with Modular Packages: Combine multiple reusable bricks within a single executable for monolithic systems that maintain modular separation internally.
Event-Driven Systems:
- Example: Logistics functionalities in Machc modules use event-driven design, where workflows like "Shipment Status Update" trigger Core business rules.

NPM and Artifact Repositories in Action

A critical mechanism in Machanism's architecture is its reliance on artifact repositories like Maven, PyPI, or NPM for managing reusable modules. These repositories ensure versioning, maintainability, and seamless integration in any deployment scenario.

Maven in Macha:
- Back-end components like org.machanism.macha are published to Maven Central for use in other back-end applications.
NPM in Machb:
- Front-end components like @machb/front are published to NPM for use in other front-end applications.
- Applications built with React or Vue can reference shared libraries without duplicating code.
PyPI in Machc:
- Python artifacts like machc.user define reusable logistics workflows that are shared across projects via PyPI.

Conclusion

Machanism’s architecture does more than define theoretical boundaries—it equips developers with practical tools and workflows capable of supporting various styles, including microservices, monolithic systems, event-driven workflows, serverless computing, and layered designs. By using modular bricks and reusable artifacts, the platform allows seamless adaptation to evolving project requirements. Architecture in Machanism is scalable, maintainable, and ready for the challenges of tomorrow.

Create systems that grow smarter, cleaner, and modular with Machanism—Divide and Use.